Nicaragua country guide — sources, licences and limitations Reviewed 23 October 2026. Route: /atlas/nicaragua MAPS Natural Earth 1:10m admin-1 states/provinces, rivers/lake centrelines, lakes, marine polygons and land are public domain: https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/ https://github.com/nvkelso/natural-earth-vector/tree/master/geojson Files: ne_10m_admin_1_states_provinces.geojson, ne_10m_rivers_lake_centerlines.geojson, ne_10m_lakes.geojson, ne_10m_geography_marine_polys.geojson, ne_10m_land.geojson. Offline source snapshots: scripts/nicaragua-admin-source.geojson — all 17 first-order divisions. scripts/nicaragua-water-source.geojson — two whole lakes, three mainstems, Caribbean Sea, both North and South Pacific marine polygons, and a coastal Gulf of Fonseca learning area. Source features retain provenance properties. Natural Earth's old Atlántico Norte / Sur labels and AN / AS suffixes are mapped to North / South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region and CN / CS. There are 15 departments and two autonomous regions, not 17 departments. The source river geometry is not clipped to the country. Coco retains the mapped mainstem from its upper confluence to the Caribbean. San Juan retains the mainstem from the San Carlos lake outlet to its Caribbean mouth, omitting Natural Earth's lake centrelines and the separate upstream Tipitapa reach. Río Grande de Matagalpa retains its whole mapped west-to-east course. These are generalised mainstems, not every tributary or delta distributary. Lake Nicaragua retains Ometepe as a land hole. Water levels are not current. The Caribbean and Pacific retain their complete named Natural Earth marine extents, independent of the opening country camera. Both Pacific hemispheres are included. Land is removed from the marine source using Natural Earth land and detailed local admin-1 coastlines. Offshore geometry is simplified to 0.008 degrees; the Nicaragua coast is masked again using the local boundaries, with a roughly 650-metre margin to keep generalised water off waterfront towns. Small islands and narrow coastal features are generalised. The Gulf of Fonseca uses the shared gulf's coastlines and a mouth connecting Punta Amapala (approximately 87.813 W, 13.158 N) with Punta Cosigüina (approximately 87.686 W, 12.918 N). Its inland frame lies on land; the whole gulf includes Honduran and Salvadoran waters. The Pacific excludes the gulf and Caribbean targets, with a very small seam allowance to prevent rounding slivers from creating competing answers. Marine outlines are hidden. These are geographic learning areas, not maritime claims or navigation charts. City coordinates are curated settlement pins. All 17 administrative centres are included, plus Corinto, San Juan del Sur, Moyogalpa and Corn Island. The island pin marks the central settlement area on Great Corn Island; it does not represent the whole municipality or Little Corn Island. Rebuild offline with Python 3 and Shapely 2: python3 scripts/build-nicaragua-maps.py The complete water sources do not require the shared continuation overlay. Validate with: node scripts/test-nicaragua-guide.cjs npm run waters:check READING AND QUESTION REVIEW https://www.britannica.com/place/Nicaragua https://www.britannica.com/place/Nicaragua/History https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/nicaragua/overview https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/el-gegense-00111 https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/language-dance-and-music-of-the-garifuna-00001 https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1236/ https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/613/ https://www.unesco.org/en/mab/bosawas https://www.unesco.org/en/links/mayangna https://www.unesco.org/en/mab/rio-san-juan https://www.loc.gov/item/global-legal-monitor/2025-07-02/nicaragua-latest-reforms-to-the-constitution-expand-executive-powers/ https://www.ohchr.org/en/countries/nicaragua https://www.cervantes.es/bibliotecas_documentacion/escritores/ramirez_sergio.htm https://blogs.cervantes.es/bruselas/2017/11/16/premio-cervantes-2017-sergio-ramirez/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaraguan_cuisine The 2025 co-presidency reform is dated explicitly; later amendments mean older claims about present term lengths, elections and legislative powers should not be treated as permanent facts. The guide avoids undated population, GDP, employment and remittance rankings. Spanish lessons introduce general Spanish, not all Nicaraguan languages or every local Spanish variety. All 80 live questions were captured before editing in scripts/fixtures/nicaragua-questions.json and matched to the untouched scripts/seed-americas-batch4.mjs. scripts/review-nicaragua-questions.mjs creates read-time corrections. Correct answers and distractors differ in length by at most eight Unicode characters within each question. Correct positions are evenly distributed (20 per position). Stored question IDs, lesson IDs, seeds and user progress remain unchanged; no database writes. PHOTOGRAPHS Ten existing local photographs in /images/facts-north-america/ni/ retain their credits, source links and individual licences, recorded in src/lib/north-american-facts-heroes.json and displayed on the guide. The lake-shore photograph is reused as the guide hero.